How do proteins translocate into the lumen of  the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

What is different about the protein that is destined for the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

The major difference is the fact that it has a hydrophobic signal sequence.  This cartoon shows that this is the first part of the protein produced.
After the signal sequence is completed, protein synthesis is further inhibited.  This is to allow the interaction of the signal sequence with a complex
on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.  In the above cartoon, note that the signal peptide is allowed to enter and essentially guide the protein into the
lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.  Once the signal sequence is detected, protein synthesis resumes and the rest of the protein is inserted in
the lumen.  Note that a signal peptidase near the inner surface of the membrane works to cleave the signal sequence from the growing peptide.

http://cellbio.utmb.edu/cellbio/rer2.htm